Springs of Texas: Flow measurements

Metadata also available as

Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title: Springs of Texas: Flow measurements
Edition: Version 1.2, 200411
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title:
Database of historically documented springs and spring flow measurements in Texas
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 03-315
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Austin, Texas
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Description:
Abstract:
Springs are naturally occurring features that convey excess ground water to the land surface; they represent a transition from ground water to surface water. Water issues through one opening, multiple openings, or numerous seeps in the rock or soil.

This dataset provides information about spring flow in Texas including the measurement value, date of measurement, and method of measurement. These data were aggregated from selected digital and hard-copy sources of the Texas Water Development Board, the U.S. Geological Survey, and Capitol Environmental Services.

Purpose:
The purpose of this project is to aggregate information about springs in Texas and associated spring flow into a digital database.
Supplemental_Information:
Collection of data was limited to digital data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), and Capitol Environmental Services (CES), and to hard-copy data of the USGS.
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -106.037604
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -93.212723
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.520145
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 26.660180
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword: spring
Theme_Keyword: springs
Theme_Keyword: spring flow
Theme_Keyword: discharge
Theme_Keyword: ground water
Theme_Keyword: surface water
Place:
Place_Keyword: Texas
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: North America
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: None
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Public Information Officer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 8027 Exchange Drive
City: Austin
State_or_Province: TX
Postal_Code: 78754
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (512) 927-3500
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-w-txpublic-info@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: 7:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (Central Time Zone)
Contact_Instructions: Contact via e-mail
Data_Set_Credit:
This dataset was specifically developed to aggregate information about springs and spring flow into a singular digital database, as part of a cooperative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Texas Water Development Board (TWDB). Capitol Environmental Services (CES) also contributed information about springs and spring flow. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) provided additional support for the release of Version 1.2.
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.0 (Build 2195) Service Pack 4; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.3.0.800
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title: Springs of Texas
Edition: Version 1.2, 200411
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title:
Database of historically documented springs and spring flow measurements in Texas
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 03-315
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Austin, Texas
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title: Springs of Texas: Alternate identification codes
Edition: Version 1.2, 200411
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title:
Database of historically documented springs and spring flow measurements in Texas
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 03-315
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Austin, Texas
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title: Springs of Texas: Alternate names
Edition: Version 1.2, 200411
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 200309
Title:
Database of historically documented springs and spring flow measurements in Texas
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 03-315
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Austin, Texas
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
Attribute accuracy is dependent on source information. Values were inspected and found to be consistently coded as described in the Entity and Attribute Information.

This electronic report was subjected to the same review standard that applies to all U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reports. Reviewers were asked to check the attributes and metadata files for completeness and accuracy.

The dataset was also reviewed by a hydrologist on staff at the USGS. The reviewer examined the data for attribute errors.

Logical_Consistency_Report: All records are attributed.
Completeness_Report: Complete.
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Texas Water Development Board (TWDB)
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: TWDB_spring
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Other_Citation_Details: Received from Roberto Anaya (TWDB) in 2002
Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1900
Ending_Date: 9/15/1997
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: not applicable
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Title: National Water Information System
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular digital data
Online_Linkage: <http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis>
Type_of_Source_Media: digital data
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 8/31/1924
Ending_Date: present
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: NWIS
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Annual publication (1962-2003)
Title:
Water resources data, Texas, water years 1961-2002 [one multiple-volume set per year]
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water-Data Report
Issue_Identification:
TX-61, v. 1; TX-62, v. 1; TX-63, v. 1; TX-64, v. 1; TX-65, v. 1; TX-66, v. 1; TX-67, v. 1; TX-68, v. 1; TX-69, v. 1; TX-70, v. 1; TX-71, v. 1; TX-72, v. 1; TX-73, v. 1; TX-74, v. 1; TX-75, v. 1-3; TX-76, v. 1-3; TX-77, v. 1-3; TX-78, v. 1-3; TX-79, v. 1-3; TX-80, v. 1-3; TX-81, v. 1-3; TX-82, v. 1-3; TX-83, v. 1-3; TX-84, v. 1-3; TX-85, v. 1-3; TX-86, v. 1-3; TX-87, v. 1-3; TX-88, v. 1-3; TX-89, v. 1-3; TX-90, v. 1-3; TX-91, v. 1-3; TX-92, v. 1-3; TX-93, v. 1-3; TX-94, v. 1-3; TX-95, v. 1-3; TX-96, v. 1-3; TX-97, v. 1-3; TX-98, v. 1-3; TX-99, v. 1-5; TX-00, v. 1-5; TX-01, v. 1-5; TX-02, v. 1-5.
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Austin, Texas
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
Obtained data from partial-record stations and miscellaneous sites in the volumes dedicated to surface water
Type_of_Source_Media: paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 10/1/1960
Ending_Date: 9/30/2002
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: not applicable
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Annual report (1911-62)
Title:
Surface water supply of the United States, part 7, Lower Mississippi River [Basin] [For the years 1910-60, one Water-Supply Paper (WSP) per year]
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water-Supply Paper
Issue_Identification:
WSP 287, 1910; WSP 307, 1911; WSP 327, 1912; WSP 357, 1913; WSP 387, 1914; WSP 407, 1915; WSP 437, 1916; WSP 457, 1917; WSP 477, 1918; WSP 507, 1919-20; WSP 527, 1921; WSP 547, 1922; WSP 567, 1923; WSP 587, 1924; WSP 607, 1925; WSP 627, 1926; WSP 647, 1927; WSP 667, 1928; WSP 687, 1929; WSP 702, 1930; WSP 717, 1931; WSP 732, 1932; WSP 747, 1933; WSP 762, 1934; WSP 787, 1935; WSP 807, 1936; WSP 827, 1937; WSP 857, 1938; WSP 877, 1939; WSP 897, 1940; WSP 927, 1941; WSP 957, 1942; WSP 977, 1943; WSP 1007, 1944; WSP 1037, 1945; WSP 1057, 1946; WSP 1087, 1947; WSP 1117, 1948; WSP 1147, 1949; WSP 1177, 1950; WSP 1211, 1951; WSP 1241, 1952; WSP 1281, 1953; WSP 1341, 1954; WSP 1391, 1955; WSP 1441, 1956; WSP 1511, 1957; WSP 1561, 1958; WSP 1631, 1959; WSP 1711, 1960.
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
Publisher: U.S. Government Printing Office
Other_Citation_Details:
Obtained data from partial-record stations and miscellaneous sites
Type_of_Source_Media: paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 8/7/1924
Ending_Date: 9/30/1960
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: not applicable
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Capitol Environmental Services
Publication_Date: Unpublished Material
Title: All TSEWB Data (no WQ)
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: spreadsheet
Other_Citation_Details:
Received from Helen Besse (Capitol Environmental Services) in 2003
Type_of_Source_Media: digital database file
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 4/23/1905
Ending_Date: 7/15/1942
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: not applicable
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: Annual report (1911-1961)
Title:
Surface water supply of the United States, part 8, western Gulf of Mexico [basins] [For the years 1910-60, one Water-Supply Paper (WSP) per year]
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water-Supply Paper
Issue_Identification:
WSP 288, 1910; WSP 308, 1911; WSP 328, 1912; WSP 358, 1913; WSP 388, 1914; WSP 408, 1915; WSP 438, 1916; WSP 458, 1917; WSP 478, 1918; WSP 508, 1919-20; WSP 528, 1921; WSP 548, 1922; WSP 568, 1923; WSP 588, 1924; WSP 608, 1925; WSP 628, 1926; WSP 648, 1927; WSP 668, 1928; WSP 688, 1929; WSP 703, 1930; WSP 718, 1931; WSP 733, 1932; WSP 748, 1933; WSP 763, 1934; WSP 788, 1935; WSP 808, 1936; WSP 828, 1937; WSP 858, 1938; WSP 878, 1939; WSP 898, 1940; WSP 928, 1941; WSP 958, 1942; WSP 978, 1943; WSP 1008, 1944; WSP 1038, 1945; WSP 1058, 1946; WSP 1088, 1947; WSP 1118, 1948; WSP 1148, 1949; WSP 1178, 1950; WSP 1212, 1951; WSP 1242, 1952; WSP 1282, 1953; WSP 1342, 1954; WSP 1392, 1955; WSP 1442, 1956; WSP 1512, 1957; WSP 1562, 1958; WSP 1632, 1959; WSP 1712, 1960.
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
Publisher: U.S. Government Printing Office
Other_Citation_Details:
Obtained data from partial-record stations and miscellaneous sites
Type_of_Source_Media: paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: August 1910
Ending_Date: 9/30/1960
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: not applicable
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Originator: Meinzer, O.E.
Publication_Date: 1927
Title: Large springs in the United States
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Water-Supply Paper
Issue_Identification: 557
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Washington, D.C.
Publisher: U.S. Government Printing Office
Other_Citation_Details: 94 pp.
Type_of_Source_Media: paper
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1894
Ending_Date: 7/1/1923
Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: not applicable
Source_Contribution: Spring flow data.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Digital data provided by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Texas Water Development Board (TWDB), and Capitol Environmental Services were imported from native formats into a database. Data in remarks columns were separated into different fields (for example, spring name(s), spring flow measurement, measurement date), and additional fields were added and populated with information describing the precision of the imported data (for example, measurement date accuracy). Data from USGS water-data reports and water-supply papers were manually entered into separate tables in the database, and additional fields were added and populated with information describing the precision of the entered data.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
A master spring flow table was created with the desired fields. Before spring flow data were imported into the master table, a temporary identification number was added to the measurement record to relate it with a site record in the master site table. Spring flow data were then imported into the master spring flow table.

Data provided in cubic feet per second (cfs) were converted to gallons per minute (gpm) by the following formula: cfs * 448.8 = gpm (Davis and DeWiest, 1966). Precision of values converted from cfs is limited to three significant figures.

Davis, S.N., and DeWiest, R.J.M., 1966, Hydrogeology: New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 463 p.

Note: A few records refer only to the National Water Information System (NWIS) web site. This site contains numerous spring flow measurements taken on different dates for the particular spring.


Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: spring_disc
Entity_Type_Definition: Spring flow measurements
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: site_no
Attribute_Definition: Unique site identifier
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: disc_src_cd
Attribute_Definition: Source of data
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: A
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Reported by another government agency
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: S
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Measured by personnel of reporting agency
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Z
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Other source
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: D
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: From driller's log or report
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: G
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Private geologist-consultant or university associate
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: O
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Reported by the owner of the spring
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: R
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Reported by person other than the owner, driller, or another government agency
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: disc_dt
Attribute_Definition: Date of measurement
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Date of measurement; values may be null.
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Information:
Attribute_Value_Accuracy_Explanation:
When date_tm_prec_cd = M, disc_dt will read xxxx/01/xx. When date_tm_prec_cd = Y, disc_dt will read xxxx/01/01.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: date_tm_prec_cd
Attribute_Definition: Precision of measurement date
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: M
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: month
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Y
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: year
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Z
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: unknown or a duration of years
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: D
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: day
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: disc_va
Attribute_Definition: Spring flow (gpm)
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Spring flow measurement; values may be null.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: disc_meth_cd
Attribute_Definition: Method of discharge measurement
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: E
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: estimated
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: R
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: reported, method not known
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: E1
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: estimated at less than 'value'
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: E2
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: estimated at greater than 'value'
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: X
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: unknown
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: Z
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: average of reported range of values
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: V
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: volumetric measurement: bucket or barrel and stopwatch
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: W
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: weir measurement
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: C
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:
Current meter--either propeller-type meter in the discharge outlet, or propeller- or cup-type meter in the discharge channel
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: USGS - National Water Information System (NWIS)
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: remarks
Attribute_Definition: Remarks
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Remarks; can be any alphanumeric combination.

Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 8027 Exchange Drive
City: Austin
State_or_Province: TX
Postal_Code: 78754
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (512) 927-3500
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-w-txpublic-info@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: 7:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (Central Time Zone)
Contact_Instructions: Contact via e-mail
Resource_Description: Open-File Report 03-315 (Compact Disc)
Distribution_Liability:
Although all data and software published on this CD have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS, as to the accuracy of the data and related materials and (or) the functioning of the software. The act of distribution shall not constitute any warranty, expressed or implied by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and related materials, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data, software, or related materials.

Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.


Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20030807
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Public Information Officer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 8027 Exchange Drive
City: Austin
State_or_Province: TX
Postal_Code: 78754
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (512) 927-3500
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gs-w-txpublic-info@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: 7:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (Central Time Zone)
Contact_Instructions: Contact via e-mail
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints:
Although this Federal Geographic Data Committee-compliant metadata file is intended to document the dataset in nonproprietary form, as well as in ArcGIS 8.x format, this metadata file may include some ArcGIS 8.x-specific terminology.

Generated by mp version 2.7.33 on Fri Nov 19 13:37:00 2004