By Bryan D. Schaap and Steven K. Sando
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Water Resources Investigation Report 02-4171
Prepared in cooperation with the
Lake Kampeska Water Project District
Download the Report (PDF, 2 MB)
Lake Kampeska is a natural lake of about 5,075 acres located within the city limits of Watertown, South Dakota. The lake is important as a water supply and recreational resource. Sediment accumulation has been a concern for many years, and several studies have been conducted to learn more about the sediment, including how fast it is accumulating. This study attempted to evaluate previously estimated sediment-accumulation rates and to describe the distribution of sediment in the lake.
Analysis of cesium-137 concentrations in sediment cores and changes in lake-bottom elevation over time led to the conclusion that during about the last 50 years, the sediment has been accumulating at a rate on the order of 0.01 foot per year or less. Changes in lake-bottom elevation during this time period indicate that the only significant deposition occurred in the area near the connection of Lake Kampeska to the Big Sioux River. Direct physical measurements and marine seismic surveys indicate that the flat-bottom interior part of the lake has 10 feet or more of sediment over a relatively irregular subbottom..
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Description of Lake Kampeska Area
Nomenclature
Previous Studies
Acknowledgments
General Methods of Investigation
Age-Dating of Sediment
Evaluation of Sediment-Accumulation Rates and Distribution
Information from Previous Studies
1951 Water-Depth Survey
1990-91 Survey
Water Depth
Sediment Thickness
Lake-Bottom Material
Lake-Bottom Material
Information Collected for this Study
Sediment Samples
Marine Seismic Surveys
1994 Water Depth and Sediment Thickness
2000 Water Depth and Sediment Thickness
Comparison of Information from Various Sources and Times
Tail
Body
Mouth
Summary
Selected References
Supplemental Information
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