Open-File Report 2009-1046
ABSTRACTSamples of treated effluent and treated and untreated water were collected at 20 municipal wastewater and drinkingwater treatment facilities in the Tar and Cape Fear River basins of North Carolina during 2003 and 2005. The samples were analyzed for a variety of prescription and nonprescription pharmaceutical compounds and a suite of organic compounds considered indicative of wastewater. Concentrations of these compounds generally were less than or near the detection limits of the analytical methods used during this investigation. None of these compounds were detected at concentrations that exceeded drinking-water standards established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Bromoform, a disinfection byproduct, was the only compound detected at a concentration that exceeded regulatory guidelines. The concentration of bromoform in one finished drinking-water sample, 26 micrograms per liter, exceeded North Carolina water-quality criteria. Drinking-water treatment practices were effective at removing many of the compounds detected in untreated water. Disinfection processes used in wastewater treatment—chlorination or irradiation with ultraviolet light—did not seem to substantially degrade the organic compounds evaluated during this study. |
First posted April 14, 2009 For additional information contact: Part or all of this report is presented in Portable Document Format (PDF); the latest version of Adobe Reader or similar software is required to view it. Download the latest version of Adobe Reader, free of charge. |
Ferrell, G.M., 2009, Occurrence of selected pharmaceutical and organic wastewater compounds in effluent and water samples from municipal wastewater and drinking-water treatment facilities in the Tar and Cape Fear River basins, North Carolina, 2003-2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1046, 45 p. (Available only online at https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/ofr2009-1046)
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Acknowledgments
Study Area
Study Design and Site Selection
Sample Collection and Analysis
Quality Assurance and Quality Control
Phase 1 Results
Treated Effluent Samples from Wastewater-Treatment Facilities
Raw Water Samples from Drinking-Water Treatment Facilities
Phase 2 Results
Effluent Samples Before and After Disinfection at Wastewater-Treatment Facilities
Drinking-Water Samples at Various Stages of Treatment
Summary
References Cited